TS Inter 1st Year Ethics and Human Values Study Material Chapter 3 Individual and Society

Telangana TSBIE TS Inter 1st Year Ethics and Human Values Study Material 3rd Lesson Individual and Society Textbook Questions and Answers.

TS Inter 1st Year Ethics and Human Values Study Material 3rd Lesson Individual and Society

Question 1.
Write an essay on some of the good qualities that students should develop.
Answer:
Some good character students should develop are :
1) Honesty :
Honesty makes us to think about integrity, truthfulness, straight forwardness, further, it means being trust worth, loyal, fair, and sincere. Honesty is valued in many ethnic and religious Cultures.

2) Truthfulness :
The word “SATYA” (truth) is derived from “SAT”, which means “being”. Wherever there is truth, there is also knowledge which is true. When there is no truth there can be no true knowledge. Wherever there is knowledge, there is always bliss. Without truth, it is impossible to observe any principles or rules of life. There should be truth in thought, truth in speech and truth in action.

3) Humanity :
Humanity grows by itself as on cultivates the spirit of Non-Violence, In humanity one has to forget the sense of “I” and become a mere zero, Humble people are modest and do not boast about their achievements.

4) Punctuality :
Punctuality is the characteristic of being able to complete a required task or fulfil an obligation before or at a previously designated time.

5) Responsibility :
A responsibility is a duty or obligation to satisfactorily perform or complete a task. Obligations may vary person to person.

6) Courtesy :
Courtesy comes from old French “Courteis” which means gentle or polite. In India nobility and royalty were expected to display courteous behaviour.

7) Kindness :
Kindness is a behaviour marked by a pleasant disposition and concern for others. Acts of kindness benefit both the receiver and the gives. Kindness can be defined as being helpful towards some one is need, not in return for any thing.

8) Courage :
Courage is the quality of mind that enables a person to face difficulty, danger, pain etc., without fear. It is the ability and Willingness to confront feel. This is one of the good qualities that students must develop.

9) Forgiveness :
Forgiveness is the international and voluntary process by which a victim undergoes a change in feelings and attitude regarding an offence. Forgiveness is considered as one of the six cardinal virtues in Hinduism. In Hinduism, not only should one forgive others, but one must also seek forgiveness if one has wronged some one else.

10) Consideration :
Being considerate is having regard for the needs of feelings of others. It is characterized by careful thought, showing kindly awareness or regard for another’s feelings and circumstances.

These are some of the good qualities that student should develop.

TS Inter 1st Year Ethics and Human Values Study Material Chapter 3 Individual and Society

Question 2.
Write an essay about any three social evils that are prevalent today.
Answer:
The three social evils that are prevalent today in the society are
1) Dowry system 2) Gender Discrimation 3) Caste system.

1) Dowry system:

  1. Dowry refers to the practice of giving money and gifts by the bride’s father to the groom’s family at the time of marriage.
  2. Actually the dowry system is social evil. It is prevalent in all parts of India.
  3. In India, the customs of dowry has not only continued, but flourished over the years. It has become an integral part of the marriage institution.
  4. Today it is common for the boy’s parents to openly demand not only money but also other fancy items like car, TV etc.
  5. Brides bringing less dowry are ill-treated and even harassed, and thus forcing them to commit sucide.
  6. Social reformers like Mahatma Gandhi and Swamy Dayanand tried their best to create a social consciousness against the practice. The Government of India is 1961 had passed Dowry Prohibition Act.
  7. Social awareness should be developed among the people to broom this evil completely from the society.
  8. Girls today educated and noway inferior to the Boys.
  9. They should develop-self confidence and have the courage to refuse the proposed dowry.
  10. Boys should not yield to parental pressure. They should take a principled stand and insist on simple marriage.
  11. The removal of Dowry system should be at the top on the agenda of social reform both incities and in villages.
  12. Voluntary organisation should also come forward and help in driving out this customerised evil from the society.

2) Gender Discrimination:

  1. The concept of gender equality has come into focus in the modern times.
  2. Article 1 of the International Human Rights Declaration states that “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights”. The Indian Constitution too envisages the ideals of equality, liberty and Justice for all irrespective of gender.
  3. Even in this day and age the several families who rejoice over the birth of a son and mourn the birth of a daughter.
  4. Because of these ingrained beliefs, they are options for sex- determination tests and if they find that the foetus is a female; they opt for abortion.
  5. This has resulted in the drastic fall of male and female ratio. In 2011 it is 1000:940. And in Haryana it is 1000:879; where as in Kerala females are more than the males in number.
  6. Boys and girls should be treated equally from birth. Girls should not be considered a burden. Given equal opportunities, girls are out shining boys in severed fields, often it is they and not the son who look after the parents in their old age.

3) Caste System:

  1. Man in the social being and over the ages developed various methods of social organisations. Thus in Europe the class, system evolved whole in India we have the caste system.
  2. The Sanskrit equivalent for caste is Jati. Which refers to blood or birth of a person. It has grown into a socio-religious system and determines relations between Hindus.
  3. There are about 3,000 castes and – sub castes in India. In the ancient past, there were only four main varnas – Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vyshyas and Sudras. In ancient times caste merely denoted the profession that one was born into.
  4. Over and above the four castes, Hinduism soon had another caste called the Panchama or fifth caste. Members of this caste are also known as Antyaja or excluded ones.
  5. Though untouchability and discrimination based on caste are prohibited by law in modem India, they are still in practise particularly, in villages.
  6. A concerted attempt is being made to bring the so called untouchable into the mainstream by providing special economic and educational concessional facilities.

TS Inter 1st Year Ethics and Human Values Study Material Chapter 3 Individual and Society

Question 3.
Write an essay on the principles and activities of the NCC and NSS.
Answer:
NCC:

  1. The National Cadet Corps came into existence on 16th July 1948 under an act of parliament.
  2. Its motto ‘Unity and Discipline’, has guided the NCC to mould young volunteers into disciplined and responsible citizens of India.
  3. The NCC is a responsive, learning and continuously evolving organization. Its activity is guided by certain core values that we endeavour to instill among all ranks of the NCC. These include the following.
    a) A sense of patriotic commitment to encourage cadets to contribute to national development.
    b) Respect for diversities in religion, language, culture, ethnicity, life style and habitat and to instill a sense of national unity and social cohesion.
    c) Abiding commitment to learn and adhere to the norms and values enshrined in Indian Constitution.
    d) Understanding the value of a just and impartial exercise of authority.
    e) Ability to participate in community development and other social programmes.
    f) A healthy life style free of substance abuse and other unhealthy practices.
    g) Sensitivity to the needs of poor and socially disadvantaged fellow citizens.
    h) Inculcating habits of restraint and selfawareness.
    i) Understanding the values of honesty truthfulness, self-sacrifice, preseverance and hard work.
    j) Respect for knowledge, wisdom and the power of ideas.

NSS:

  1. In India, the idea of involving students in the task of national service dates back to the times of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation.
  2. Advising students to form a living contact with the community in whose midst their institution is located, he suggested that instead of undertaking academic research about economic and social disability, they should do “something positive so that the life of the villages might be raised to a higher material and normal level”.
  3. On September 24, 1969 then the Union Education Minister Dr.V.K.R.V. Rao launched the NSS programme in 37 universities covering all states. It was appropriate that the programme was started during the Gandhi Centenary year as it was Gandhiji who inspired the Indian Youth to participate, in the movement for Indian Independence and for the Social uplift of the down trodden masses of our nation.

The main objectives on National Service Scheme are that the students should.
a) Understand the community in which they work.
b) Understand themselves in relation to their community.
c) Identify the needs and problems of the community and involve them in problem – solving.
d) Develop among themselves a sense of social and civic responsibility.
e) Utilise this knowledge in finding practical solutions to individual and community problems.
f) Develop competence required for group-living and sharing of responsibilities.
g) Gain skills in mobilising community participation. –
h) Acquire leadership qualities and democratic attitudes,
i) Develop capacity to meet emergencies and natural disasters.
j) Practise national integration and social harmony.

TS Inter 1st Year Ethics and Human Values Study Material Chapter 3 Individual and Society

Question 4.
Write an essay on the principles and activities of Bharat Scouts and Guides and the National Green Corps.
Answer:
Scouting and Guiding:

  1. The Boy Scouts Movement had a simple start in the year 1907 when a retired Army General. Lord Baden pOwell conducted an experimental camp in Brown Sea Island in England with 20 boys.
  2. The successful conduct of the camp and publication of the Book “Scouting for Boys” in a fortnightly marked the start of the Boy Scouts Movement. Lord Baden Powell decided to start a movement for Girls with the help of his sister, Agnes Baden Powell.

Scouting in India :

  1. Scouting started in India in the year 1909, when captain T.H. Baker established the first scout Troop in Bangalore and got it registered with Imperial Head quarters, London.
  2. Subsequently, Scout Troops were formed in other places in India; These units were open to European and Anglo Indian Children only.

Scouting and Guiding in Independent India:

  1. After Independence efforts were made for the unification of the Scout and Guide Associations functioning in India by national leaders like Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad and others.
  2. The final merger took place in 1950 and the unified organi¬zation came into existence under the name “The Bharat Scouts and Guides”. The Girl Guides Association formally Joined the Bharat Scouts and Guides a little later.

Constitution and Head quarters:

  1. The Bharat Scouts and Guides is a Registered Society. It is totally voluntary, non-political and secular organisation.
  2. The National Head quarters building in New Delhi was inagurated in the year 1963 by then Vice President of India, Dr. Zakir Hussain.

The Fundamentals :
The Scout/Guide movement is based on the following principles.
i) Duty to God :
Adherence to spiritual principles loyalty, to the religion that expresses the acceptance of the duties resulting there from.

ii) Duty to Others :
Loyalty to one’s country in harmony of local and international peace understanding, co-operation participation in the development of society with recognition and respect for dignity of one’s fellow men and for integrity of natural world.

iii) Duty to Self :
Responsibility for the development of one’s self.

The Method :
The Scout/Guide method is a system of progressive self-education through
a) A promise and law.
b) Learning by doing.

c) Membership of small groups under adult leadership involving progressive discovery and acceptance of responsibility and training towards Self-Government directed towards the development of character and the acquisition of competence, self-reliance, dependability and capacity to co-operate and to lead.

d) Progressive and stimulating programmes of various activities based on the interest of the participants including games, useful skills and services to the community taking place largely in an outdoor setting in contact with nature.

National Green Corps (NGC) :

  1. NGC was initiated in 2001 and achieved significant success through Eco clubs established in schools.
  2. The Ministry of Environment and Forests has initially aimed at 50,000 Eco clubs in the nationwide programme.
  3. The phenomenal response the NGC has received has made the network cross more than 1,00,000 Eco clubs across the country in 10 years.
  4. The unique partnership between the Ministry and the States Government agencies along with the dedicated NGOs working in the field of Environmental Education has contributed to the success of the programme.
  5. It is a well established and recognised fact that children can be catalysts in promoting a mass movement about various environmental issues.
  6. As they are futur citizens, inculcation of environment friendly attitudes and behavioural patterns amongst them can make a significant difference to the long term efforts for protection of environment.

The broad objectivies of the Ministry:

  1. Conservation and Survey of flora, fauna, forests, and wildlife.
  2. Prevention and control of pollution
  3. Afforestation and regeneration of degraded areas.
  4. Protection of the environment.
  5. Ensuring the welfare of animals.

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