TS Inter 2nd Year Zoology Notes Chapter 7 Organic Evolution

Here students can locate TS Inter 2nd Year Zoology Notes 7th Lesson Organic Evolution to prepare for their exam.

TS Inter 2nd Year Zoology Notes 7th Lesson Organic Evolution

→ The term ‘Organic Evolution’ was coined by Herbert Spencer.

→ Lamarck theory of Use and Disuse and Inheritance of acquired characters is the first organised theory to explain evolutionary process.

→ Theory of Natural Selection was put forward by Charles Darwin.

→ Book written by Darwin “Origin of Species”.

→ Theory on mutations put forward by ‘Hugo de Vries’.

→ Anon evolving population is in a state of equilibrium called “Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium”.

→ Evolution is the branch of biology that deals with the origin, of life and the diversity of organisms on earth through ages.

→ Theory of special creation is purely a mythological belief.

→ Aristotle, Thales, Plato and Von Helmont believed in the idea of a biogenesis. Louis Pasteur confirmed the theory of Biogenesis by his swan-neck flask experiment. Theory of Origin of life or Coacervate theory was proposed by A.I. Oparin and supported by JBS Haldane.

→ The origin of life is a phenomenon of “Chemical evolution” that led to biological evolution.

TS Inter 2nd Year Zoology Notes Chapter 7 Organic Evolution

→ Charles Darwin:
Charles Darwin, FRS (1809 -1882) was an English naturalist. Wj He established that all species of life have descended over time I from common ancestors and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the artificial selection inv’olved in selective breeding.

Darwin published his theory of evolution with compelling evidence in his 1859 book on the Origin of Species, overcoming scientific rejection of earlier concepts of transmutation of species. By the 1870s the scientific community and much of the general public had accepted evolution as a fact.
His five-year voyage on HMS Beagle established him as an eminent geologist whose observations and theories supported Charles Lyell’s uniformitarian ideas, and publication of his journal of the voyage made him famous as a popular author.

→ Hugo de Vries
Hugo Marie de Vries (Dutch 1848 – 1935) was a Dutch botanist and one of the first geneticists. He is known chiefly for suggesting the concept of genes, rediscovering the laws of heredity in the 1890s while unaware of Gregor Mendel’s work, II for introducing the term “mutation” and for developing a mutation theory of evolution.

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