Here students can locate TS Inter 1st Year Chemistry Notes 9th Lesson s-Block Elements to prepare for their exam.
TS Inter 1st Year Chemistry Notes 9th Lesson s-Block Elements
→ Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Caesium and Francium are the six elements present in IA group.
→ Elements of IA group are called alkali metals. Their hydroxides are water soluble and the solutions are basic.
→ The general electronic configurations of IA group elements is ns1.
→ Alkalj metals are highly electropositive and good reductants.
→ Common oxidation state of alkali metals is +1 and they usually form ionic compounds.
→ Sodium is prepared by the electrolysis of fused NaOH in Castner’s process. In Down’s process, it is prepared by the electrolysis of fused NaCl.
→ Sodium hydroxide is called caustic soda. It can be prepared by the electrolytic process in Nelson cell (or) Castner-Kellner cell.
→ Na2CO3.10H2O is called washing soda. Na2CO3 is called soda ash and NaHCO3 is called baking soda.
→ Na2CO3 is prepared on a large scale by Solvay – Ammonia Soda process.
→ Elements of IIA group are called alkaline earth metals.
→ The general electronic configuration of IIA group elements is ns .
→ The common oxidation state of alkaline earth metals is + 2.
→ Magnesium is extracted by the electroly-sis of fused MgCl2.
→ Alkyl Magnesium Halides are known as Grignard reagents.
→ Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate (MgSO4) 7H2O is called Epsom salt.
→ Quick lime is calcium oxide.
→ When CO2 is passed through lime water, a milky white ppt. of CaCO3 is formed, which dissolves in -excess of CO2.
→ Mortar is a mixture of lime, sand and water.
→ The function of sand in mortar is to make the mass, porous.
→ Gypsum is calcium sulphate dihydrate CaSO4.2H2O.
→ Plaster of Paris is calcium sulphate hemihydrate CaSO4. \(\frac{1}{2}\)H2O. It is prepared by heating gypsum at 120°C.