Here students can locate TS Inter 1st Year Botany Notes 1st Lesson The Living World to prepare for their exam.
TS Inter 1st Year Botany Notes 1st Lesson The Living World
→ The Study of living organisms is called “Biology”.
→ In Greek language “Bios” means life and “logos” means discourse.
→ The living world comprises an amazing diversity of living organisms.
→ From the beginning human beings started observing the living organisms and inanimate matter around them.
→ A common feature of all forms of inanimate and animate objects was the sense of awe or fear that they evoked.
→All living organisms present are related to each other and to all organisms that ever lived on this earth. This led to cultural movements for conservation of biodiversity.
→Ernst Mayr, the Harvard University evolutionary biologist who has been called “The Darwin of the 20th century” was one of the 100 greatest scientists of all limes. He almost single handedly made the origin of species diversity the central question of evolutionary biology that it is today.
→ The organisms, which exhibited the distinctive characteristics like growth, reproduction, metabolism, irritability etc., are known as living organisms.
→ Living organisms grow by means of cell division.
→ The defining features of life forms are metabolism, consciousness, interactions and genetic material.
→ On the basis of characteristics, all living organisms can be classified into different categories. This type of classification is called taxonomy.
→ Classification involves a system order of steps in which each.step represents category. It is called the taxonomic category and all the categories together constitute the taxonomic hierarchy.
→ Unit of classification is termed as Taxon.
→ There are millions of plants and animals in the world. Each different kind of plant, animal or organism represents a species. This refers to biodiversity.
→ To standardise the naming of all the living organisms there is a process called Nomenclature.
→ In nomenclature, each name has two components, the generic name and species name.
→ Taxonomical studies of all known organisms have led to the development of common categories such as kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus and species. .
→ Species is a group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities.
→ Taxonomic studies of various species of plants, animals and other organisms are useful in agriculture, forestry, industry and in general, in knowing our bio – resources and their diversity.
→ Taxonomic studies require correct classification and identification of organisms.
→ Taxonomic aids help in correct classification and identification of organisms.
→ They are herbarium, botanical gardens and museums.