{"id":35070,"date":"2022-11-22T10:39:25","date_gmt":"2022-11-22T05:09:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tsboardsolutions.com\/?p=35070"},"modified":"2022-11-23T16:07:27","modified_gmt":"2022-11-23T10:37:27","slug":"ts-inter-2nd-year-botany-notes-unit-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tsboardsolutions.com\/ts-inter-2nd-year-botany-notes-unit-3\/","title":{"rendered":"TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes Unit 3 Genetics"},"content":{"rendered":"
Here students can locate TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes<\/a> Unit 3 Genetics to prepare for their exam.<\/p>\n \u2192 The biological science that deals with the study ofheriditary and variation is known as Genetics.<\/p>\n \u2192 Gregor Johann Mendel proposed the ‘laws of inheritance\u2019 those led down foundation of the Genetics through his famous hybridization experiments on Phisum sativum.<\/p>\n \u2192 Law of segregation states, that “the two alleles of a gene present together in het-erozygous state, do not fuse, remain distinct and segregate during meiosis.<\/p>\n \u2192 Law of independent assortment states that “Genes for different characters are inherited independently of one other”.<\/p>\n \u2192 The dominant characters are expressed when factors are either in homozygous or in heterozygous condition. (law of dominance)<\/p>\n \u2192 The recessive characters are expressed only in homozygous condition. Different com- biriations of gametes are theoretically represented in a square tabular form known as “Punnett square.”<\/p>\n \u2192 A cross involving a F1<\/sub> individual and any one of its parents is called Back cross.<\/p>\n \u2192 A cross between a F1<\/sub> individual and its double recessive parents is called Test cross.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u2192 Monohybrid cross: Phenotypic ratio is 3 :1 and genotypic ratio is 1; 2:1.<\/p>\n \u2192 Dihybrid cross: Phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1 and genotypic ratio is 1:2:2:4:1:2 : 1:2:1.<\/p>\n \u2192 Mendel\u2019s laws were extended in the form of “Chromosomal theory of inheritance.”<\/p>\n \u2192 Later it was found that Mendel’s law of independent assortment did not hold true for the genes that are located on the same chromosomes. These genes are called linked genes.<\/p>\n \u2192 Closely located genes assorted together and distantly located genes, due to recombi-nation, assorted independently.<\/p>\n \u2192 Mutations involves changes in chromosomes and\/or genes. They help to increase variability which might be useful in crop improvement<\/p>\n \u2192 Gregor Johann Mendel:<\/p>\n Gregor Johann Mendel laid foundation for the Science of Genetics and Study of Hereditary. Mendel demonstrated that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, now referred to as the laws of Mendelian inheritance. The profound significance of Mendel’s work was not recognized until the turn of the 20th century, when the independent rediscovery of these laws initiated the modern science of genetics. In 1 843 Mendel began his training as a priest. Brno Johann Mendel, he took the name Gregor upon entering religious life. In 1851 he was sent to the University of Vienna to study. At Vienna, his professor of physics was Christian Doppler. Mendel returned to his abbey in 1853 as a teacher, principally of physics, and by 1867, he had replaced Napp as abbot of the monastery. During this time he began the experiments for which he is best known. He published the results of his studies under the title “Experiments on Plant Hybrids”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Here students can locate TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes Unit 3 Genetics to prepare for their exam. TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes Unit 3 Genetics \u2192 The biological science that deals with the study ofheriditary and variation is known as Genetics. \u2192 Gregor Johann Mendel proposed the ‘laws of inheritance\u2019 those led down … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[26],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nTS Inter 2nd Year Botany Notes Unit 3 Genetics<\/h2>\n
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