{"id":34123,"date":"2022-11-14T18:45:09","date_gmt":"2022-11-14T13:15:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tsboardsolutions.com\/?p=34123"},"modified":"2022-11-16T14:34:40","modified_gmt":"2022-11-16T09:04:40","slug":"ts-inter-2nd-year-botany-study-material-chapter-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tsboardsolutions.com\/ts-inter-2nd-year-botany-study-material-chapter-12\/","title":{"rendered":"TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Study Material Chapter 12 Biotechnology and its Applications"},"content":{"rendered":"
Telangana TSBIE\u00a0TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Study Material<\/a> 12th Lesson Biotechnology and its Applications Textbook Questions and Answers.<\/p>\n Very Short Answer Type Questions<\/span><\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. <\/p>\n Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Question 9. Question 10. <\/p>\n Question 11. Short Answer Type Questions<\/span><\/p>\n Question 1. II. Transgenic plants suitable for food processing technology : III. Transgenic plants with improved nutritional value : IV. Transgenic plants useful for hybrid seed production : V. Transgenic plants tolerant to abiotic stresses caused by chemicals, cold, drought, salt, heat etc.<\/p>\n Question 2. Question 3. B) Pest resistant plants are developed by using biotechnology processes :<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 4. ii) Green revolution increased food production by the following ways.<\/p>\n Gene Revolution : Gene revolution provided new plants that would to lead to a more environmentally sound agricutural production. Long Answer Type Questions<\/span><\/p>\n Question 1. Genetically modified organisms (GMO) are plants, animals, bacteria and fungi whose genes have been altered by manipulation.<\/p>\n Genetic modification in organisms lead to following results :<\/p>\n Some of the application of biotechnology in agriculture are the production of pest resistant plants, eg : Bt Cotton, Bt Corn, etc.<\/p>\n Bt. Cotton : Pest resistant Plants are developed by using biotechnology processes.<\/p>\n Biotechnology and Environment: Utilization of sewage and agrowastes to produce biogas and vermicompost.<\/p>\n Biotechnological application in medicine : Vitamins (A, B12<\/sub> etc.) and antibiotics (pencillin) are produced at low cost using microorganisms.<\/p>\n Genetically engineered insulin leads to sufficient availability of insulin for the management of adult onset diabetes.<\/p>\n Gene therapy is a collection of methods that allows correction of gene defects diagnosed in a child or embryo. Genes are inserted into a person’s cells or tissue to treat a disease. Molecular diagnosis helps to solve the problem of early diagnosis and treatment of diseases.<\/p>\n i) Using conventional methods of diagnosis (serum and urine analysis) early detection of diseases is not possible. Intext Question Answers<\/span><\/p>\n Question 1. In bacteria the toxin is present in an inactive form, called pro toxin, which gets converted into active form when it enters the body of an insect.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. <\/p>\n Question 6. Telangana TSBIE\u00a0TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Study Material 12th Lesson Biotechnology and its Applications Textbook Questions and Answers. TS Inter 2nd Year Botany Study Material 12th Lesson Biotechnology and its Applications Very Short Answer Type Questions Question 1. Expand GMO. How is it different from a hybrid? Answer: GMO means Genetically Modified Organisms. Hybrids are … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[26],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nTS Inter 2nd Year Botany Study Material 12th Lesson Biotechnology and its Applications<\/h2>\n
\nExpand GMO. How is it different from a hybrid?
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nGive different types of cry genes and pests which are controlled by the proteins encoded by these genes.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nCan a disease be detected before its symptoms appear? Explain the principle involved. [Mar. 2019, 2017]
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nMany toxic proteins are produced in their inactive form by micro-organisms. Explain how the mechanism is useful for the organism producing the toxin.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nWhy has the Indian parliament cleared the second amendment of the country’s patents bill?
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nGive any two reasons why the patent on Basmati should not have gone to an American company. [May 2014]
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nPCR is a useful tool for early diagnosis of an infectious disease. Elaborate.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat is GEAC and what are its objectives? [Mar. ’18, ’14; May ’17]
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nName the nematode that infects the roots of tobacco plants. Name the strategy adopted to prevent this infestation.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nFor which variety of Indian rice, has a patent been filed by a USA company.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nGive one example for each of transgenic plants which are suitable for food processing and those with improved nutritional quality. [Mar. 2020]
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nList out the beneficial aspects of transgenic plants. [March 2019, Mar. ’18; May ’17, ’14]
\nAnswer:
\nBeneficial aspects of transgenic plants are
\nI. Transgenic crop plants having resistance to pathogens and pests :<\/p>\n\n
\nTransgenic tomato ‘Flavr Savr’ is bruise resistant i.e., suitable for storage and transport due to delayed ripening and offers longer shelf life.<\/p>\n
\nTransgenic golden rice obtained from ‘Taipei’ is rich in vitamin A and prevents blindness.<\/p>\n
\nMale sterile plants of Brassica napus are produced. This will eliminate the problem of manual emasculation and reduce the cost of hybrid seed production.<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat are some bio-safety issues concerned with genetically modified crops? [March 2017, 2014]
\nAnswer:
\nBiosafety issues concerned with genetically modified crop are :<\/p>\n\n
\nGive a brief account of A) Bt. cotton [Mar. 2020]
\nB) Pest resistant plants
\nAnswer:
\nA) Bt Cotton :
\nBt cotton is created by using some strains of a bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt is short form).<\/p>\n\n
\n
\nWrite notes on green revolution and gene revolution.
\nAnswer:
\nGreen revolution :
\ni) Around 1960s, several countries including India experienced substantial and dramatic increase in agricultural production which was termed as green revolution by William Gaud.
\nNorman Borlaug is regarded as “Father of Green Revolution”.<\/p>\n\n
\nWith the advent of biotechnology, especially the genetic engineering, has increased the food production and decreased the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides which lead to other type of revolution called Gene revolution.<\/p>\n
\nGR plants are useful in many ways. Their<\/p>\n\n
\nGive an account of bio-technological applications in agriculture and other fields.
\nAnswer:
\nBio-technology application in agriculture : Involves following three options<\/p>\n\n
\n
\nIt is created by using some strains of a bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt is short form).<\/p>\n\n
\n
\nBio remediation :
\nIn the process of using microbes and plants to break down or recycle environmental pollutants.<\/p>\n
\nHave made immense impact in the area of health care by enabling the mass production of safe and more effective therapeutic drugs.<\/p>\n
\nii) To overcome this problem, some molecular diagnosis techniques provide early detection of diseases. These are
\na) Recombinant DNA technology
\nb) Polymerase Chain Reaction
\nc) Enzyme Linked Immuno – Sorbent Assay (ELISA)<\/p>\n
\nCrystals of Bt toxin produced by some bacteria do not kill the liacteria themselves because –
\na) bacteria are resistant to the toxin
\nb) toxin is immature;
\nc) toxin is inactive;
\nd) bacteria encloses toxin in a special sac.
\nAnswer:
\nToxin is inactive.<\/p>\n
\nWhat are transgenic bacteria? Illustrate using any one example.
\nAnswer:
\nTransgenic bacteria contain foreign gene that is intentionally introduced into its genome. They are manipulated to express the desirable gene for the production of various commercially important products. An example of transgenic bacteria is E.Coli. In the plasmid of E.coli, the two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B chain of human insulin are inserted, so as to produce the respective human insulin chains. Hence after the insertion of insulin gene into the bacterium, it becomes transgenic and starts producing chains of human insulin. Later on these chains are extracted from E.coli and combined to form human insulin.<\/p>\n
\nCompare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of production of genetically modified crops.
\nAnswer:
\nThe production of genetically modified (GM) or transgenic plants have many advantages.<\/p>\n\n
\nFor example : Golden rice is a transgenic variety of rice which is rich in vitamin A.<\/li>\n
\nWhat are Cry proteins? Name an organism that produces it. How has man exploited this protein to his benefit?
\nAnswer:
\nCry proteins are encoded by cry genes. These proteins are toxins which are produced by Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria. This bacterium contains these proteins in their inactive form. When the inactive toxin protein is ingested by the insect it gets activated by the alkaline pH of the gut. This results in the lysis of epithelial cell and eventually the death of the insect. Therefore man has exploited this protein to develop certain transgenic crops with insect resistance such as Bt Cotton, Bt Corn, etc.<\/p>\n
\nList the advantages of recombinant insulin.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n
\nWhat is meant by the term bio-pesticide? Name and explain the mode of action of a popular bio-pesticide.
\nAnswer:
\nBio pesticides are the plants which are having resistance to insects.
\nExample: Bt cotton.<\/p>\n\n